➔ “As to those who reject Faith, it is the same to them whether you warn them or do not warn
them; they will not believe.” ➔ “In fact, whoever submits his whole self to God and is a doer of good, will get his reward with
his Lord; on such shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.” ➔ “He has only forbidden you carrion, and blood, and the flesh of swine, and that on which any
other name has been invoked besides that of God.” ➔ “to give of your wealth, however much you cherish it, to your kin, to orphans, to the needy, to
the traveler, to those who ask [i.e. beggars], and for the ransom of slaves;” ➔ “I listen to the prayer of every suppliant when he calls on Me.” ➔ “A divorce is only permissible twice: after that, the parties should either hold together on
equitable terms, or separate with kindness.” ➔ “O you who believe! You are forbidden from inheriting women against their will. Nor should you
treat them with harshness, that you may take away part of the bride-gift that you have given
them, except where they have been guilty of open lewdness.
footing of kindness and equity.”
Lecture
➔ Muhammad’s Arabia
➔ Muhammad: Born in 570 in Mecca to a powerful tribe but a weaker clan in the tribe, orphaned at
6. First wife Khadijah, daughter Fatima. Raised by grandfather then uncle (merchant with
karavan), works with his uncle. Gets married afterwards. Khadijah was a business woman, owned one of the biggest in Meccah, hired Muhammad because of his honest reputation, then
she proposed to him (40) while he was 25. Muhammad does not marry anyone else while she
lives. 25 yr marriage. Khadijah first to convert to Muhammad’s visions. ➔ Mecca: Trade routes through Egypt and Syria, the Ka’ba (a shrine), covered on the outside with
idols, pilgrimage location for local religions (pagan)
➔ Mecca known for the Ka’ba
➔ Gabriel and the Recitation (Qu’ran) Visions of Muhammed from 610: Gabriel the angel tells him
to recite “that which man knows not”. Muhammed is taught the Qu’ran, composed from 622-632
by scribes around Muhammed who write down everything. Several versions of the Qu’ran are
destroyed as one is chosen as canonical
➔ Muhammed isn’t received well in Mecca asthe teachings attack Idols and promote monotheism
as its targeting the tourism trade of the Ka’ba, raising taxes to help the poor, greater rights for
women are argued as well. Protected by his father and his wife. When they die, he is vulnerable. ➔ Muhammed leaving Mecca to arbitrate in Medina, 622 with small group of his followers, 40-100
people
➔ Muhammed comes to Medina as invited and authoritative person
➔ The flight to Medina in 622 is considered year one in Islam
➔ Muhammed thinks the jews in Medina would readily accept him, but that is not the case
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